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K. Raghubabu ¹, L. Santhi Swarup ¹, B. Kalyana Ramu ², G. Rupakumari ¹, M. Narayanarao ³, C. Ramdas ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Engineering Chemistry, AU College of Engineering (A), Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530003 Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Chemistry, Maharajah’s College (Aided and Autonomous), Vizianagaram-535002 (AP), IN
3 Tychy Industries, R and D Division, Hyderabad-AP, IN

Abstract

Two simple, rapid and sensitive extractive visible spectrophotometric methods (A and B) for the assay of venlafaxine hydrochloride in pure and solid dosage forms based on the formation of colored chloroform soluble ion - association associates under specified experimental conditions are described. Two dyes namely acidic dyes Naphthalene Blue 12BR (NB12BR, method A) and Bromo Cresol Purple (BCP, method B) are utilized. The extracts of the ion-associates exhibit absorption maxima at 620.5 nm and 430 nm for methods A and B respectively. Regression analysis of Beer- Lambert plots showed good correlation in the concentration ranges (4.0 -12.0) μg/ml for method A, (8.0-40.0) μg/ml for method B respectively. The proposed methods are applied to commercial available tablets and the results are statistically compared with those obtained by the UV reference method and validated by recovery studies. The results are found satisfactory and reproducible. These methods are applied successfully for the estimation of the venlafaxine hydrochloride in the presence of other ingredients that are usually present in dosage forms. These methods offer the advantages of rapidity, simplicity and sensitivity and normal cost and can be easily applied to resource-poor settings without the need for expensive instrumentation and reagents.

Keywords

Anti-Depressant, Extraction Methods, NB12BR, BCP, Statistical Analysis, Tablets.

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G. Rupakumari ¹, G. V. R. Srinivasa Rao ², B. Kalyanaramu ³

Affiliations
1 Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, AU College of Engineering (A), Andhra University, Visakhapatnam - 530003, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Faculty, Department of Civil Engineering, AU College of Engineering (A), Andhra University, Visakhapatnam - 530003, Andhra Pradesh, IN
3 Faculty, Department of Chemistry, Visakha Government Degree College (W), Visakhapatnam, A.P., IN

Abstract

The Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment method (CCME) and the Logarithmic Aggregation method proposed by Tiwari and Mishra (TM) were used to assess the groundwater quality for drinking in Garividi region (Gurla, Gajapatinagaram, Dattirajeru, Merakamuidam, Cheepurupalli and Garividi mandals) which occupy some central part of Vizianagaram district of Andhra Pradesh, India. The groundwater samples were collected during every month from November 2018 to October 2019 from 38 bore wells of selected sampling locations in the study area. Fourteen parameters such as pH, EC, TDS, TH, TA, Ca²⁺ , Mg²⁺ , Na⁺ , CO₃ ^2- , HCO₃^- , Cl^-, SO₄^2-, NO₃^-, F^- of samples were analyzed using standard laboratory procedures. This paper describes the assessment of ground water quality for drinking purposes using CCME and TM water quality index methods and water quality parameters variation with regression correlation analysis during Post and Pre monsoons and monsoon. From CCME-WQI analysis, it is observed that quality of about 2.63% of the water samples is Excellent, about 28.95% of the water samples is Good, about 52.63% of the water samples is Fair, about 5.26% is Marginal and remaining 10.53% is Poor and from TM-WQI analysis, it is observed that quality of about 2.63% of the water samples is Excellent, quality of about 42.1% of the water samples is good, about 39.5% is Medium, about 13.2% is poor and remaining 2.63% is unsuitable for drinking purpose in the study area. From the correlation analysis, it is observed that EC and TDS are the important parameters, as they are significantly correlated with other parameters.

Keywords

Analysis, Correlation matrix, CCME-WQI, Logarithmic Aggregation, TM-WQI.

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